Hyraxes 38-VI
MAMMALIA
Afrotheria
 
 
Hyraxes, like these Rock Hyraxes (Procavia capensis), make up the order Hyracoidea.



Chapter Outline
  1. Description of Mammalia
  2. Classification of Mammalia
  3. Prototheria
  4. Metatheria
  5. Eutheria
  6. Afrotheria
  7. Laurasiatheria
  8. Artiodactyla
  9. Carnivora
  10. Euarchontoglires
  11. Primates
  12. Hominidae

Tree
NCBI Tree | Paleo Tree



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The superorder Afrotheria is a relatively small group of mammals. It is divided into five orders and two families that do not fit well into one of these five orders.

  • Xenarthra [38-V]
  • Afrotheria
    • Tubulidentata - Aardvark
    • Sirenia - Manatees, Dugongs
    • Proboscidea - Elephants
    • Hyracoidea - Hyraxes
    • Macroscelidea - Elephant Shrews
    • Chrysochloridae - Golden Moles
    • Tenrecidae - Tenrecs
  • Boreoeutheria
TUBULIDENTATA 

The Aardvark is the only species in this order of mammals. It is native to Africa. As of 2024, 699 observations of Orycteropus afer have been made in iNaturalist.

  • FAMILY ORYCTEROPODIDAE
    • Aardvark ((Orycteropus afer)) - Omaha Zoo - 2021 - NOAH
Resources:
  • Aardvark - African Wildlife Foundation
HYRACOIDEA 

Hyracoidea is the order of hyraxes, containing one family. As of 2024, 0 species of Hyracoidea have been observed in iNaturalist in the US and 6 throughout the world, in Africa and the Arabian peninsula.

  • FAMILY PROCAVIIDAE
    • Rock Hyrax (Procavia capensis) - KC & Omaha Zoos - 2017
Resources:
  • Hyrax - African Wildlife Foundation
PROBOSCIDEA 

Proboscidea is the order of elephants, containing one extant family. As of 2024, 0 species of Proboscidea have been observed in iNaturalist in the US and 3 throughout the world.

  • FAMILY ELEPHANTIDAE
    • African Elephant (Loxodonta africana) - 6 (SCZ and KC Zoos)
    • Asian Elephant (Elephas maximus) - 6 (St. Louis Zoo), 9 (ABQ Biopark), OKC Zoo
  • FAMILY GOMPHOTHERIIDAE
    • Early Elephant (Gomphotherium) - Field Museum - 2014
  • FAMILY MAMMUTIDAE
    • Mastodon (Mammut americanum) - Field Museum, Hagerman - 2016
Resources:
SIRENIA  

Sirenia is the order containing Manatees and Dugongs, and has two families. As of 2024, one species of Sirenia have been observed in iNaturalist in the US and 4 throughout the world.

  • FAMILY DUGONGIDAE
    • Dugong (Dugong dugon) - (Australia)
    • Sea Cow (Hydrodamalis gigas) - (Northern Pacific Rim)
  • FAMILY TRICHECHIDAE
    • Manatee (Trichechus manatus) - Southern Florida Coasts (Crystal River, Everglades), Cincinnati Zoo
Resources:
MACROSCELIDEA  

Macroscelidea is the order of Elephant Shrews, containing one family. As of 2024, 0 species of Macroscelidea have been observed in iNaturalist in the US and 15 throughout the world.

  • FAMILY MACROSCELIDIDAE
    • Giant Elephant Shrew (Rhynchocyon petersi) - Omaha Zoo - 2017
    • Short-Eared Elephant Shrew (Macroscelides proboscideus) - Smithsonian Zoo
Resources:
CHRYSOCHLORIDAE 

Chrysochloridae is a family-level classification containing the Golden Moles. The family does not yet fit into any existing orders. As of 2024, 0 species of Chrysochloridae have been observed in iNaturalist in the US and 14 throughout the world.

  • Golden Moles (various) - (Southern Africa)
Resources:
TENRECIDAE  

Tenrecidae is a family-level classification containing the Tenrecs. The family does yet not fit into any existing orders. As of 2024, 0 species of Tenrecidae have been observed in iNaturalist in the US and 11 throughout the world.

  • Lesser Hedgehog Tenrec (Echinops telfairi) - Omaha Zoo - 2006 - NOAH
  • Greater Hedgehog Tenrec (Echinops telfairi) - Smithsonian Zoo
Resources:

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