Tree Frog   35-V
TETRAPODA
Anura
 
 
Tree Frog in Kansas



Chapter Outline
  1. Description of Tetrapoda
  2. Classification of Tetrapoda
  3. Gymnophiona
  4. Caudata
  5. Anura
  6. Paleo Tetrapoda

Tree
NCBI Tree | Paleo Tree



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The order Anura contains the frogs and toads.

  • Archaebatrachia
  • Pelobatoidea
  • Pipoidea
  • Neobatrachia
    • Hyloidea
    • Microhyloidea
    • Myobatrachoidea
    • Ranoidea
    • Sooglossoidea

Resources:

ARCHAEBATRACHIA  

Archaebatrachia is an informal term used to group together four of the families of frogs and toads that do not fit into another superfamily.

As of 2024, 3 species from these families have been observed in iNaturalist in the US and 25 throughout the world.

  • FAMILY ALYTIDAE - DISC-TONGUED FROGS
    • Mallorcan Midwife Toad (Alytes muletensis)
  • FAMILY ASCAPHIDAE - TAILED FROGS
    • Coastal Tailed-Frog (Ascaphus truei) - 5 (Olympic, Redwoods)
  • FAMILY BOMBINATORIDAE - FIRE-BELLIED TOADS
    • Oriental Fire-Bellied Toad (Bombina orientalis) - 6 (SCZ)
  • FAMILY LEIOPELMATIDAE - NEW ZEALAND PRIMITIVE FROGS
    • Archey's Frog (Leiopelma archeyi)
Resources:
PELOBATOIDEA  

The superfamily Pelobatoidea contains the Spadefoot Toads and the Asian Toads. As of 2024, 7 species of Pelobatoidea have been observed in iNaturalist in the US and 150 throughout the world.

  • FAMILY MEGOPHRYIDAE - ASIAN TOADS
    • Spadefoot Toads (Megophrys) - San Diego Zoo, San Antonio Zoo
  • FAMILY PELOBATIDAE - SPADEFOOT TOADS
    • Couch's Spadefoot Toad (Scaphiopus couchii) - most iNat observations in the US for Pelobatoidea - 9 (Cave Creek Canyon, Big Bend)
    • Plains Spadefoot Toad (Spea bombifrons) - Kansas
    • Eastern Spadefoot Toad (Scaphiopus holbrookii) - Great Smoky Mtns. NP, Everglades
  • FAMILY PELODYTIDAE - PARSLEY FROGS
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PIPOIDEA  

The superfamily Pipoidea contains the Clawed Frogs and Burrowing Toads. As of 2024, 3 species of Pelobatoidea have been observed in iNaturalist in the US and 29 throughout the world.

  • FAMILY PIPIDAE - CLAWED FROGS
    • Mueller's Clawed Frog (Xenopus muelleri) - 6 (SCZ)
  • FAMILY RHINOPHRYNIDAE - BURROWING TOADS
    • Burrowing Toad (Rhinophrynus dorsalis) - most iNat observations in the US for Pipoidea - Far Southern Texas
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HYLOIDEA  

The superfamily Hyloidea contains the Tree Frogs, Poison Dart Frogs, Horned Frogs, True Toads and others. As of 2024, 68 species of Hyloidea have been observed in iNaturalist in the US and 2,482 throughout the world.

  • FAMILY ALSODIDAE - PATAGONIAN FROGS
  • FAMILY BATRACHYLIDAE - SOUTH AMERICAN WOOD FROGS
  • FAMILY BRACHYCEPHALIDAE - SADDLEBACK TOADS
  • FAMILY BUFONIDAE - TRUE TOADS
    • American Toad (Anaxyrus americanus) - most iNat observations in the US for Hyloidea - 3 (Adirondacks), Perry Lake, KS
    • Panamanian Golden Frog (Atelopus zeteki) - 6 (KC and Omaha Zoos)
    • Colorado River Toad (Bufo alvarius) - Omaha Zoo, SCZ, Sonoran Desert
    • European Green Toad (Bufotes viridis) - 6 (SCZ)
    • Black-Spined Toad (Duttaphrynus melanostictus) - 6 (SCZ)
    • Sonoran Desert Toad (Incilius alvarius) - 6 (SCZ & Omaha Zoo)
    • Puerto Rican Crested Toad (Peltophryne lemur) - 6 (Omaha Zoo)
    • Smooth-Sided Toad (Rhaebo guttatus) - 6 (Omaha Zoo)
  • FAMILY CERATOPHRYIDAE - COMMON HORNED FROGS
    • Ornate Horned Frog (Ceratophrys ornata) - 6 (Omaha Zoo)
    • Budgett's Frog (Lepidobatrachus laevis) - Baltimore Aquarium
    • Lake Titicaca Frog (Telmatobius culeus) - 6 (Omaha Zoo), OKC Zoo
  • FAMILY CRAUGASTORIDAE - FLESHBELLY FROGS
  • FAMILY CYCLORAMPHIDAE - BUTTON FROGS
    • Darwin's Frogs
  • FAMILY DENDROBATIDAE - POISON DART FROGS
    • Green-and-Black Poison Dart Frog (Dendrobates auratus) - 6 (SCZ & Omaha Zoo), Peru
    • Blue Poison Dart Frog (Dendrobates tinctorius) - 6 (Omaha Zoo)
    • Anthony's Poison Dart Frog (Epipedobates anthonyi) - 6 (KC Zoo)
  • FAMILY ELEUTHERODACTYLIDAE - FREE-TOED FROGS
    • Rio Grande Chirping Frog (Eleutherodactylus cystignathoides) - Texas Rio Grande
  • FAMILY HELEOPHRYNIDAE - GHOST FROGS
  • FAMILY HEMIPHRACTIDAE - NEOTROPICAL HORNED FROGS
  • FAMILY HYLIDAE - NEW WORLD TREE FROGS
    • Blanchard's Cricket Frog (Acris blanchardi) - Perry Lake, KS
    • Northern Cricket Frog (Acris crepitans) - NOAH IUCN Map - Clinton Lake, Kansas
    • Red-Eyed Tree Frog (Agalychnis callidryas) - NOAH
    • Rusty Tree Frog (Boana boans) - Peru
    • Tree Frogs (Hyla spp.) - Everglades
    • Cope's Gray Treefrog (Hyla chrysoscelis) - Kansas
    • Canyon Tree Frog (Hyla arenicolor) - SCZ
    • Hourglass Tree Frog (Hyla ebraccata) - SCZ
    • Pacific Tree Frog (Hyla regilla) - Olympic NP
    • Gray Treefrog (Hyla versicolor) - NOAH IUCN Map - Fitch Nature Presere, Kansas
    • Lemur Tree Frog (Hylomantis lemur) - SCZ
    • Orange-Eyed Tree Frog (Litoria chloris) - 9 (ABQ Biopark Zoo)
    • Magnificent Tree Frog (Litoria splendida) - 6 (SCZ), 9 (ABQ Biopark Zoo)
    • Cuban Tree Frog (Osteopilus septentrionalis) - SCZ
    • Mexican Leaf Frog (Pachymedusa dacnicolor) - SCZ
    • Argentine Waxy Tree Frog (Phyllomedusa sp.) - NOAH - 6 (SCZ)
    • Giant Monkey Frog (Phyllomedusa bicolor) - 6 (Omaha Zoo), 8 (Shedd)
    • Spotted Chorus Frog (Pseudacris clarkii) - Kansas
    • Spring Peeper (Pseudacris crucifer) - Kansas
    • Boreal Chorus Frog (Pseudacris maculata) - Kansas
    • Little Grass Frog (Pseudacris ocularis) - Everglades
    • Strecker's Chorus Frog (Pseudacris streckeri) - Kansas
    • Amazon Milk Frog (Trachycephalus resinifictrix) - 6 (Omaha & Denver Zoos)
  • FAMILY HYLODIDAE - HYLODID FROGS
  • FAMILY LEPTODACTYLIDAE - NEOTROPICAL THIN-TOED FROGS
    • Horned Frog (Ceratophrys) - SCZ, Baltimore Aquarium
    • Mountain Chicken Frog (Leptodactylus fallax) - 6 (Omaha Zoo)
    • Smoky Jungle Frog (Leptodactylus pentadactylus) - SCZ
  • FAMILY RHEOBATRACHIDAE - GASTRIC BROODING FROGS [EXTINCT]
    • Rheobatrachus
  • FAMILY RHINODERMATIDAE - DARWIN'S FROGS'
  • FAMILY STRABOMANTIDAE - TERRESTRIAL-BREEDING FROGS
  • ALLOCENTROLENIAE
    • FAMILY ALLOPHRYNIDAE
    • FAMILY CENTROLENIDAE - GLASS FROGS
Resources:
MICROHYLOIDEA  

The superfamily Microhyloidea contains Rain Frogs, Squeakers, African Reed Frogs and Narrow-Mouthed Frogs. As of 2024, 5 species of Microhyloidea have been observed in iNaturalist in the US (all Narrow-Mouthed Frogs) and 554 throughout the world.

  • FAMILY ARTHROLEPTIDAE - SQUEAKERS
  • FAMILY BREVICIPITIDAE - RAIN FROGS
  • FAMILY HEMISOTIDAE - SHOVELNOSE FROGS
  • FAMILY HYPEROLIIDAE - AFRICAN REED FROGS
    • Whitebelly Reed Frog (Heterixalus alboguttatus) - San Diego Zoo
  • FAMILY MICROHYLIDAE - NARROW-MOUTHED FROGS
    • Eastern Narrowmouth Toad (Gastrophryne carolinensis) - most iNat observations in the US for Microhyloidea - 2 (Everglades)
    • Great Plains Narrowmouth Toad (Gastrophryne olivacea) - NOAH - Perry Lake, KS
    • Tomato Frog (Dyscophus antongili) - 6 (Omaha Zoo)
    • Sambava Tomato Frog (Dyscophus guineti) - 9 (ABQ Biopark Zoo)
Resources:
MYOBATRACHOIDEA  

The superfamily Myobatrachoidea contains the Ground Frogs and Chilean Toads. As of 2024, 0 species of Myobatrachoidea have been observed in iNaturalist in the US and 119 throughout the world.

  • FAMILY CALYPTOCEPHALELLIDAE - CHILEAN TOADS
  • FAMILY LIMNODYNASTIDAE - FOAM-NESTING GROUND FROGS
  • FAMILY MYOBATRACHIDAE - AUSTRALIAN GROUND FROGS
    • Common Eastern Froglet (Crinia signifera) - most iNat observations in the US for Myobatrachoidea
Resources:
RANOIDEA  

The superfamily Ranoidea contains the Typical Frogs, Mantellas, Fork-Tongued Frogs, Shrub Frogs and more. As of 2024, 31 species of Ranoidea have been observed in iNaturalist in the US (all Typical Frogs) and 1,195 throughout the world.

  • FAMILY CERATOBATRACHIDAE - TRIANGLE FROGS
    • Solomon Islands Leaf Frog (Ceratobatrachus guentheri) - 6 (Omaha Zoo)
  • FAMILY DICROGLOSSIDAE - FORK-TONGUED FROGS
  • FAMILY MANTELLIDAE - MANTELLAS
    • Golden Mantella (Mantella aurantiaca) - 6 (SCZ)
    • Tree Frogs (Mantella spp.) - San Diego Zoo
  • FAMILY MICRIXALIDAE - DANCING FROGS
  • FAMILY NYCTIBATRACHIDAE - ROBUST FROGS
  • FAMILY PETROPEDETIDAE - AFRICAN TORRENT FROGS
  • FAMILY PHRYNOBATRACHIDAE - PUDDLE FROGS
  • FAMILY PTYCHADENIDAE - GRASSLAND FROGS
  • FAMILY PYXICEPHALIDAE - AFRICAN BOX-HEADED FROGS
    • Giant African Bullfrog (Pyxicephalus adspersus) - 6 (Omaha Zoo)
  • FAMILY RANIDAE - TYPICAL FROGS
    • Crawfish Frog (Rana areolata) - Kansas
    • Plains Leopard Frog (Rana blairi) - Kansas
    • Bullfrog (Rana catesbeianus) - most iNat observations in the US for Ranoidea - 6 (Quivira, Omaha Zoo)
    • Green Frog (Rana clamitans) - Kansas
    • Pig Frog (Rana grylio) - Everglades
    • Northern Leopard Frog (Rana pipiens) - Kansas
    • Southern Leopard Frog (Rana sphenocephala) - Kansas, Everglades
  • FAMILY RANIXALIDAE - LEAPING FROGS
  • FAMILY RHACOPHORIDAE - SHRUB FROGS
    • Bornean Eared Frog (Polypedates otilophus) - 6 (Omaha Zoo)
    • Vietnamese Mossy Frog (Theloderma corticale) - OKC Zoo
Resources:
SOOGLOSSOIDEA  

The superfamily Sooglossoidea contains the Seychelles Frogs and Purple Frogs. As of 2024, 0 species of Sooglossoidea have been observed in iNaturalist in the US and 4 throughout the world.

  • FAMILY NASIKABATRACHIDAE
    • Purple Frog (Nasikabatrachus sahyadrensis)
  • FAMILY SOOGLOSSIDAE - SEYCHELLES FROGS
    • Gardiner's Seychelles Frog (Sechellophryne gardineri)
Resources:

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