Experiencing Life

24-V
FUNGI
Basidiomycota

Mushroom

Chapter Outline

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The phylum Basidiomycota contains four subphyla, which are the subheadings on this page.

Agaricomycotina
Pucciniomycotina
Ustilaginomycotina
Wallemiomycotina

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AGARICOMYCOTINA

This is the subphylum of "Higher" Basidiomycetes. Most things people would call "mushrooms" are in this subphylum. As of 2024, 4,944 species of Agaricomycotina have been observed in iNaturalist in the US and 9,159 throughout the world.

CLASS AGARICOMYCETES

SUBCLASS AGARICOMYCETIDAE
- ORDER AGARICALES
  - SUBORDER AGARICINEAE
    - FAMILY LYCOPERDACEAE
      - Puffballs (Apioperdon pyriforme) - Perry and Clinton Lakes, KS - NOAH
      - Puffball (Calvatia) - Prairie Garden Trust, MO
      - Common Puffball (Lycoperdon perlatum) - Prairie Garden Trust, MO
    - FAMILY NIDULARIACEAE
      - Bird's Nest Fungus (Crucibulum) - Douglas County, KS
    - FAMILY PSATHYRELLACEAE
      - Pale Brittlestem (Candolleomyces candolleanus) - Perry Lake, KS
      - Mushroom (Coprinellus) - Kansas
    - FAMILY STROPHARIACEAE
      - Golden Pholiota (Pholiota aurivella) - 7 (Mariposa Grove at Yosemite)
  - SUBORDER HYGROPHORINEAE
    - FAMILY HYGROPHORACEAE
      - Waxcap Mushroom (Hygrocybe) - 3 (Adirondacks)
  - SUBORDER MARASMIINEAE
    - FAMILY PHYSALACRIACEAE
      - Honey Mushroom (Armillaria) - NOAH
      - Rooting Shank (Oudemansiella radicata) - Shawnee County, KS
  - SUBORDER PLUTEINEAE
    - FAMILY AMANITACEAE
      - Amanita Mushroom (Amanita sp.) - 3 (Adirondacks)
      - Amanita Mushroom (Amanita sp.) - Colorado - NOAH
      - Amanita Mushroom (Amanita sp.) - Colorado - NOAH
      - Yellow Patches (Amanita flavoconia) - 3 (Adirondacks)
      - Frost's Amanita (Amanita frostiana) - 3 (Adirondacks)
      - Jackson's Slender Caesar (Amanita jacksonii) - 3 (Adirondacks)
      - Fly Agaric (Amanita muscaria) - Colorado
      - Mushroom (Saproamanita) - Shawnee County, KS
  - SUBORDER TRICHOLOMATINEAE
    - FAMILY CLITOCYBACEAE
      - Blewits (Lepista) - Perry Lake, KS
      - Cavalier Mushroom (Melanoleuca) - Colorado
    - FAMILY ENTOLOMATACEAE
      - Pinkgill Mushroom (Entoloma) - 3 (Adirondacks)
  - Mushroom - NOAH
- ORDER BOLETALES
  - SUBORDER BOLETINEAE
    - FAMILY BOLETACEAE
      - Black Mushroom (Strobilomyces) - 3 (Adirondacks)
  - SUBORDER SCLERODERMATINEAE
    - FAMILY BOLETINELLACEAE
      - Ash-Tree Bolete (Boletinellus merulioides) - Douglas County, KS
  - SUBORDER SUILLINEAE
    - FAMILY SUILLACEAE
      - Painted Suillus (Suillus spraguei) - 3 (Adirondacks)
SUBCLASS PHALLOMYCETIDAE
- ORDER GEASTRALES
  - Earth Stars (Geastrum triplex)
- ORDER GOMPHALES
  - FAMILY GOMPHACEAE
    - Upright Coral Fungus (Ramaria stricta) - 3 (Adirondacks)
    - Mushroom (Turbinellus kauffmanii) - 3 (Adirondacks)
- ORDER PHALLALES
  - FAMILY PHALLACEAE
    - Stinkhorn (Lysurus) - Perry Lake, KS
    - Purple-Egg Stinkhorn (Phallus hadriani) - Perry Lake, KS
    - Wrinkly Stinkhorn (Phallus rugulosus) - Shawnee County, KS
    - Stinkhorn (Phallus) - Douglas County, KS
    - Stinkhorn (Phallus) - Perry Lake, KS
AGARICOMYCETES INCERTAE SEDIS
- ORDER AURICULARIALES
  - FAMILY AURICULARIACEAE
    - Wood Ear Fungus (Auricularia) - Clinton Lake, KS, Nambe Lake, NM
  - FAMILY EXIDIACEAE
    - Black Witches' Butter (Exidia glandulosa) - Perry Lake, KS
- ORDER CANTHARELLALES
  - FAMILY HYDNACEAE
    - White Coral Fungus (Clavulina coralloides) - 3 (Adirondacks)
  - FAMILY CANTHARELLACEAE
    - Chanterelles (Cantharellus spp.)
- ORDER HYMENOCHAETALES
  - FAMILY HYMENOCHAETACEAE
    - Cracked Cap Polypore (Fulvifomes robiniae) - Clinton Lake, KS
- ORDER POLYPORALES
  - FAMILY FOMITOPSIDACEAE
    - Shelf Fungus (Fomitopsis) - 3 (Adirondacks)
  - FAMILY GANODERMATACEAE
    - Shelf Fungus (Ganoderma sessile) - Perry Lake, KS
  - FAMILY LARICIFOMITACEAE
    - Quinine Cork (Laricifomes officinalis) - 7 (Mariposa Grove at Yosemite)
  - FAMILY POLYPORACEAE
    - Veiled Polypore (Cryptoporus volvatus) - Utah
    - Hoof Fungus (Fomes fomentarius) - 3 (Adirondacks)
    - Shelf Fungus (Neofavolus) - Perry Lake, KS
    - Umbrella Polypore (Polyporus umbellatus) - 3 (Palmer Pond in the Adirondacks)
    - Northern Cinnabar Polypore (Trametes cinnabarina) - Gettysburg, PA
    - Turkey-Tail (Trametes versicolor) - most iNat observations in the US for Agaricomycetes
- ORDER RUSSULALES
  - FAMILY RUSSULACEAE
    - Brittlegill (Russula) - Douglas County, KS and Prairie Garden Trust, MO
    - False Turkey Tail (Stereum) - Douglas and Shawnee Counties, KS

CLASS DACRYMYCETES

Orange Jelly Spot (Dacrymyces chrysospermus) - most iNat observations in the US for Dacrymycetes

CLASS TREMELLOMYCETES

Witch's Butter (Tremella mesenterica) - most iNat observations in the US for Tremellomycetes
Cryptococcus neoformans - CDC - Cryptococcosis
Cryptococcus gattii - CDC - Cryptococcosis

Resources:

PUCCINIOMYCOTINA

This is the subphylum of Rusts. As of 2024, 275 species of Pucciniomycotina have been observed in iNaturalist in the US and 749 throughout the world.

CLASS AGARICOSTILBOMYCETES
CLASS ATRACTIELLOMYCETES
- Fenugreek Stalkball (Phleogena faginea)
CLASS CLASSICULOMYCETES
CLASS CRYPTOMYCOCOLACOMYCETES
CLASS CYSTOBASIDIOMYCETES
CLASS MICROBOTRYOMYCETES
- Microbotryum tragopogonis-pratensis
CLASS MIXIOMYCETES
CLASS PUCCINIOMYCETES
- ORDER PUCCINIALES
  - FAMILY COLEOSPORIACEAE
    - Spruce Witch's Broom Rust (Chrysomyxa arctostaphyli) - Utah
  - FAMILY GYMNOSPORANGIACEAE
    - Juniper-Apple Rust (Gymnosporangium juniperi-virginianae) - most iNat observations in the US for Pucciniomycotina - Perry Lake, KS
CLASS SPICULOGLOEOMYCETES
CLASS TRITIRACHIOMYCETES
- Tritirachium roseum

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USTILAGINOMYCOTINA

This is the subphylum of Smuts. As of 2024, 76 species of Ustilaginomycotina have been observed in iNaturalist in the US and 220 throughout the world.

CLASS EXOBASIDIOMYCETES
- Sweetleaf Gall (Exobasidium symploci) - most iNat observations in the US for Ustilaginomycotina
CLASS USTILAGINOMYCETES
- Corn Smut (Ustilago maydis) - most iNat observations in the world for Ustilaginomycotina

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WALLEMIOMYCOTINA

Only three species and five total observations from around the world have been recorded in iNaturalist for this subphylum, all in the genus Wallemia.

CLASS GEMINIBASIDIOMYCETES
CLASS WALLEMIOMYCETES
- Wallemia

Resources:

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