31-III DEUTEROSTOMIA Echinodermata	Select Chapter/Biodiversity TreeHomeBiodiversity Tree1. Physics2. Chemistry3. Astronomy4. Geology5. Cell Structure6. Molecular Biology7. Photosynthesis and Respiration8. Molecular Genetics9. Mitosis and Meiosis10. Mendelian Genetics11. Populations12. Communities13. Ecosystems14. Evidence of Evolution15. Theory and Process of Evolution16. Classification Systems17. Prokaryotes18. Eukaryota19. Viridiplantae (Plants)20. Embryophyta21. Tracheophyta22. Spermatophyta23. Magnoliophyta24. Fungi25. Metazoa (Animals)26. Eumetazoa27. Bilateria28. Coelomata29. Arthropoda30. Insecta31. Deuterostomia32. Chordata33. Vertebrata34. Teleostomi35. Tetrapoda36. Sauroposida37. Aves38. Mammals39. Western/Coniferous Forests40. Taiga (Northern Forests)41. Eastern/Deciduous Forests42. Tropical Forests43. Deserts44. Polar Environments45. Tundra46. Grasslands47. Wetlands48. Freshwater Environments49. Estuaries50. Marine Environments51. Extreme Environments
	Eccentric Sand Dollars (Dendraster excentricus) [© California Academy of Sciences] Chapter Outline Description of Deuterostomia Classification of Deuterostomia Echinodermata Hemichordata Sources Links to external sites will appear in pop-up windows.			The phylum Echinodermata contains five classes. Eleutherozoa Asterozoa Asteroidea Ophiuroidea Echinozoa Echinoidea Holothuroidea Pelmatozoa Crinoidea Resources: Echinodermata - "Shape of Life" series by PBS Sea Urchin Development - From an introductory Biology course at Cornell University Monterey Bay Aquarium - Bat Star, Brittle Stars, Sand Dollars,Sea Urchins ASTEROIDEA   This is the class of Sea Stars or Starfishes. As of 2024, 86 species of Asteroidea have been observed in iNaturalist in the US and 433 throughout the world. ORDER PERIPODIDA SUPERORDER FORCIPULATACEA ORDER BRISINGIDA ORDER FORCIPULATIDA Ochre Sea Star (Pisaster ochraceus) - most iNat observations in the US for Asteroidea - 6 (Omaha Zoo), Ecola SP, OR Northern Sea Star (Asterias amurensis) - 6 (KC Zoo) ORDER NOTOMYOTIDA SUPERORDER SPINULOSACEA ORDER SPINULOSIDA ORDER VELATIDA SUPERORDER VALVATACEA ORDER PAXILLOSIDA ORDER VALVATIDA Crown-Of-Thorns Sea Star (Acanthaster planci) - 8 (Shedd) Vermillion Sea Star (Mediaster aequalis) - 8 (Shedd) Bat Star (Patiria miniata) - second-most iNat observations in the US for Asteroidea - 6 (Omaha Zoo), 8 (Shedd) Resources: OPHIUROIDEA   This is the class of Brittlestars. As of 2024, 49 species of Ophiuroidea have been observed in iNaturalist in the US and 194 throughout the world. SUBCLASS MYOPHIUROIDEA INFRACLASS METOPHIURIDA SUPERORDER OPHINTEGRIDA ORDER AMPHILEPIDIDA Western Spiny Brittle Star (Ophiothrix spiculata) - most iNat observations in the US for Ophiuroidea ORDER OPHIOLEUCIDA ORDER OPHIOSCOLECIDA SUBCLASS OPHIURIDEA ORDER EURYALIDA Resources: ECHINOIDEA   This is the class of Sea Urchins. As of 2024, 64 species of Echinoidea have been observed in iNaturalist in the US and 254 throughout the world. SUBCLASS EUECHINOIDEA INFRACLASS ACROECHINOIDEA SUPERORDER DIADEMATACEA ORDER ECHINOTHURIOIDA ORDER PHYMOSOMATOIDA ORDER ASPIDODIADEMATOIDA ORDER DIADEMATOIDA ORDER MICROPYGOIDA ORDER PEDINOIDA INFRACLASS IRREGULARIA SUPERORDER NEOGNATHOSTOMATA SUPERORDER ATELOSTOMATA ORDER CASSIDULOIDA ORDER SPATANGOIDA SUPERORDER CALYCINA ORDER SALENIOIDA SUPERORDER ECHINACEA ORDER ARBACIOIDA ORDER CAMARODONTA Pacific Purple Sea Urchin (Strongylocentrotus purpuratus) - most iNat observations in the US for Echinoidea - 6 (Omaha Zoo) Red Sea Urchin (Mesocentrotus franciscanus) - 6 (Omaha Zoo) ORDER TEMNOPLEUROIDA SUPERORDER GNATHOSTOMATA ORDER CLYPEASTEROIDA Eccentric Sand Dollar (Dendraster excentricus) - second-most iNat observations in the US for Echinoidea ORDER HOLASTEROIDA SUBCLASS PERISCHOECHINOIDEA ORDER CIDAROIDA Pencil Urchins Resources: HOLOTHUROIDEA   This is the class of Sea Cucumbers. As of 2024, 78 species of Holothuroidea have been observed in iNaturalist in the US and 266 throughout the world. SUBCLASS APODACEA ORDER APODIDA ORDER MOLPADIIDA ORDER POLYCHEIRA SUBCLASS ASPIDOCHIROTACEA ORDER ASPIDOCHIROTIDA Giant Pacific Sea Cucumber (Apostichopus californicus) - 8 (Shedd) Apostichopus japonicus - FLKR ORDER ELASIPODIDA SUBCLASS DENDROCHIROTACEA ORDER DENDROCHIROTIDA Orange Sea Cucumber (Cucumaria miniata) - most iNat observations in the US for Holothuroidea Resources: CRINOIDEA   This is the class of Feather Stars and Sea Lilies. There are six orders of Crinoidea, all within the subclass Articulata. As of 2024, one species of Crinoidea has been observed in iNaturalist in the US and 68 throughout the world. ORDER BOURGUETICRINIDA ORDER COMATULIDA Common Feather Star (Florometra serratissima) - most iNat observations in the US for Crinoidea - Glacier Bay ORDER CYRTOCRINIDA ORDER HYOCRINIDA ORDER ISOCRINIDA ORDER MILLERICRINIDA Resources: [ Previous Page ] [ Next Page ]